It makes sense to Focus on Insect Chemosense

Sensory proteins in insects form the basis of their chemosensory system. These proteins provide remarkable sensitivity and specificity to diverse chemical stimuli. Our studies on comparative genomic analysis identified and characterised 14 each of OBPs and CSPs besides 10 Ejaculatory bulb proteins from whitefly, Bemisia tabaci with details of genomic architecture. Functional characterisation revealed that OBP3 and OBP10  were associated with host selection and oviposition behaviour of B. tabaci while, CSPs 2 & 4 were modulating insecticide resistance in B. tabaci. TRP channels are versatile ion channels that detect thermal, chemical, and mechanical stimuli. Genome-wide analysis identified 18 TRP channels in B. tabaci Asia II-1. Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) are a variant of ionotropic glutamate receptors adapted for chemo-sensation. The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic ligand gated channels which are associated with glutamatergic neurotransmission governing diverse physiological and biological processes in insects. Our studies have identified the NMDARs in Bemisia tabaci Asia II-1, an invasive genetic group widely distributed in India. Insect chemosense represents a fascinating intersection of biology, ecology, and applied science. The diversity and specialisation of sensory proteins underline the adaptability and success of insects in varied environments. Focusing on insect chemosensation not only deepens our understanding of insect behaviour but also paves the way for innovative solutions in pest control, pollinator conservation, and sustainable agriculture. Molecular characterisation of the insect chemosensory proteins offer scope for identifying novel attractants, repellents, ovipositional deterrents, antifeedants which can be effectively used for developing novel lures, traps, spray formulations for eco-friendly management of whitefly.