Brokers of modernity? Architect-entrepreneurs Building Pune, 1930-1992

In India, qualified architects are the 'youngest' among several building professionals in charge of the design and construction of buildings. By the time the first diploma in architecture was awarded in Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1917, generations of Indian engineers, surveyors, and draftsmen had established successful careers as building designers, often after training at colonial civil engineering schools or the Public Works Department. In consequence, for most of the twentieth century, architects remained a proportionally small group that vied for recognition. By tracing the personal histories and the daily work world of self-employed architects active in the regional city of Pune (formerly Poona), this talk asks: On what competencies did architects lay claim and by what means? In parallel, I draw links to the products of architectural practice, a series of everyday buildings in the city of Pune, to propose a novel reading of architectural modernism in India. Contrary to the prevalent idea of architects as 'changemakers', I highlight how the profession and architecture itself have been shaped by intense processes of social and political change.